![]() Localizing PTMs, and in some cases the definitive proteoform identifier, requires tandem mass spectrometry (MS n) analysis. One can increase the sensitivity of intact-mass-based proteoform identification by determining the relative abundance of a particular amino acid by using isotopic labeling, by using mass similarities to cluster proteoforms into gene families and by reducing the search space using sample-specific search databases 2. The identity of a proteoform can often be inferred 2 from an accurate experimentally determined intact mass 3. ![]() These proteoforms can have different effects on important biological processes, including gene regulation, cell signaling and protein activity consequently, the ability to characterize these species is essential for an understanding of the biological response to disease. Mutations, polymorphisms, RNA processing and post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation can lead to a single gene producing many functionally distinct ‘proteoforms’ 1. Nature Methods volume 16, pages 587–594 ( 2019) Cite this article ![]() Best practices and benchmarks for intact protein analysis for top-down mass spectrometry ![]()
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